Storing of a big amount of spatial data in GIS systems is problematic because of its size. The problem arises from the increasing data production in a various data sources. The phenomenon of collecting a big amount of data is called Big Data. Available solutions enable process and store large volumes of spatial data. This solutions show a possibility for a new approach for data processing. Conventional techniques work with ordinary data but are not feasible with large datasets. Their efficient action is possible when connected to a distributed file systems and algorithms able to reduce tasks. The review focuses on the characteristic of large spatial data. The paper discuses opportunities offered by spatial big data systems. The work also draws an attention to the problem of indexing and access to the data and proposed solutions in this area.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.216